Testing a UJT

UJT (Uni junction transistor) can be easily tested by using a digital multimeter.The three steps for testing the health of a UJT are as follows.

1. Measuring the resistance between B1 and B2 terminals.

        Set your digital multimeter in resistance mode.Connect the positive lead of multimeter to the B1 terminal and negative lead to the B2 terminal.The multimeter will show a high resistance ( around 4 to 10K ). Now connect the positive lead to B2 terminal and negative lead to B1 terminal.Again the multimeter will show a high resistance (around 4 to 10K ).Also both the readings will be almost same.

How to test a triac.

Testing triac using a multimeter.

     A multimeter can be used to test the health of a triac. First put the multimeter selector switch in a high resistance mode (say 100K), then connect the positive lead of multimeter to the MT1 terminal of triac and negative lead to the MT2 terminal of triac (there is no problem if you reverse the connection).The multimeter will show a high resistance reading (open circuit).Now put the selector switch to a low resistance mode, connect the MT1 and gate to positive lead and MT2 to negative lead. The multimeter will now show a low resistance reading (indicating the switch ON).If the above tests are positive then we can assume that the triac is healthy. Anyway this test is not applicable triacs that require high gate voltage and current for triggering.

How to test an SCR

 

Testing SCR using a multimeter.

          A multimeter can be used to test SCRs quite effectively. The first procedure is to check the diode action between the gate and cathode terminals of the SCR. This test is just like what you have done in the case of testing a silicon diode (see testing a silicon diode).

         Now put the multimeter selector switch in a high resistance position. Connect the positive lead of multimeter to the anode of SCR and negative lead to the cathode. The multimeter will show an open circuit. Now reverse the connections and the multimeter will again show an open circuit.

How to test a Diode

Diodes are one of the components that can be tested very easily.Ordinary diodes as wells as Zener diodes can be checked by using a multimeter. While testing a diode the forward conducting mode and reverse blocking mode has to be tested separately. 

Testing ordinary diode using a digital multimeter.
 

      To check an ordinary silicon diode using a digital multimeter, put the multimeter selector switch in the diode check mode. Connect the positive lead of multimeter to the anode and negative lead to cathode of the diode. If multimeter displays a voltage between 0.6 to 0.7, we can assume that the diode is healthy. This is the test for checking the forward conduction mode of diode. The displayed value is actually the potential barrier of the silicon diode and its value ranges from 0.6 to 0.7 volts depending on the temperature.

      Now connect the positive lead of multimeter to the cathode and negative lead to the anode. If the multimeter shows an infinite reading (over range), we can assume that the diode is healthy. This is the test for checking the reverse blocking mode of the diode.

Top 5 mobile phones under Rs .10,000

      Today on Yahoo, I saw the list of five Mobile phones under Rs.10,000 in India. Five mobile Phones are superb in Look as well as Performance as Compare to others, Under this range. 3 of them are Android Based Smartphones and 1 is Symbian and Left one is Java based Mobile Phone.

     

       According to Post on Yahoo, The Smartphones are Listed Below, and There Feature as Well as also Given along with Price List.

  Samsung Galaxy Y S5360 @ Rs 7,000

Features & Specification :-

• General:GSM 850/900/1800/1900 MHz, 3G with HSDPA
• Form factor: Touchscreen bar phone
• Dimensions: 104 x 58 x 11.5 mm, 97.5g
• Display: 3" 65K-color TFT LCD capacitive touchscreen, 240 x 320 pixels
• CPU: 832MHz ARMv6 processor
• Memory: 256MB RAM, 164MB storage, hot-swappable microSD card slot
• OS: Android OS, v2.3.3 Gingerbread with TouchWiz UI
• Camera: 2MP camera with geotagging, smile detection; QVGA video recording @15fps
• Connectivity: Wi-Fi b/g/n, Bluetooth 2.1 with A2DP, charging microUSB port, GPS receiver with     A-GPS, 3.5mm audio jack, FM radio
• Battery: 1200mAh
• Misc: Built-in accelerometer, multi-touch input, proximity sensor, Swype text input, Office document viewer

Click here to View "Galaxy Y" Specification

          Currently priced at Rs 7,000, the Samsung Galaxy Y has impressive specifications like Android 2.3 Gingerbread operating system with 830 MHz ARMv6 processor, 290 MB RAM and a 2 megapixel camera. In fact, it is one of the few smartphones under Rs 10,000 to feature Android 2.3, and that too with a powerful processor.

          Galaxy Y comes with a 3 inch TFT capacitive touchscreen, Samsung's TouchWiz user interface and multi touch function. It has 180 MB internal memory which can be expanded by up to 32 GB. Other features include WiFi b/g/n with hotspot, Bluetooth v3.0 A2DP, a 1200 mAh battery, 3G and A-GPS, making it an ideal choice if you're on a budget.

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Download Cool Game Fall Down for Nokia 5800, N97, X6, 5530 and N8

Fall Down is the most explosive fall down game you may have ever played. It is very simple to start and you can keep a track of your own high scores. All you need is to exercise your wrist a little and focus on allowing the ticking bomb fall.

 If you allow it to touch the top it will explode. The game is really simple. Just keep tilting the phone in either direction to allow the ticking bomb to fall down. Be nimble because if it gets squished at the top it will explode and game will end.

Download Application iGuitar for Nokia 5800, N97, X6, 5530, 5235 and N8

iGuitar is a nice application which provides a user with real time guitar experience on his/her mobile. User can play any song or tune on this guitar as it was prepared with the purpose to make people learn and play guitar.

This guitar comprises of 6 strings with slider keys in the bottom area. User can make use of full fret board by sliding in the left and right direction. This guitar contains 6 octaves which gives the user an immense pleasure of playing any song he likes.

Ek Tha Tiger (2012) Songs Download {Salman Khan}

EK THA TIGER (2012) Info

Directed by	Kabir Khan
Produced by	Aditya Chopra
Screenplay by	Kabir Khan    Neelesh Misra
Story by	Aditya Chopra
Starring	Salman Khan    Katrina Kaif
Music by	Sohail Sen
Cinematography	Ravi K. Chandran
Distributed by	Yash Raj Films
Release date(s)	August 18, 2012
Country	India
Language	Hindi

Ek Tha Tiger (एक था टायगर) is an upcoming Hindi language romantic thriller.The film will be produced by Aditya Chopra and directed by Kabir Khan. This will be his third collaboration with the banner after Kabul Express (2006) and New York (2009). Salman Khan and Katrina Kaif were confirmed to play the lead roles at a press conference held on May 3, 2011 at Yashraj Studios. Though originally scheduled to release on 1 June, 2012, the film was shifted to August 2012 since Aamir Khan wanted to release his next film, Talaash directed by Reema Kagti, on 1st June.

DOWNLOAD SONGS FROM "EK THA TIGER (2012)"

 01 - Jaaniya (Ek tha Tiger)  - [Download]

 More Songs are Coming Soon !!!!

Jannat 2 – New Emraan hashmi And Prachi Desai Atif Aslam Song 2012 Download

New Delhi: It is the era of sequels and after the recent success of ‘Murder 2′, filmmaker Mahesh Bhatt has announced the sequel to the Emraan Hashmi-Sonal Chauhan starrer ‘Jannat’.

JANNAT 2 (2012) Info

Movie                     :     Jannat 2 (2012)

Movie Cast            :     Emraan Hashmi , Prachi Desi

Directed by            :      Kunal Deskmukh

Presented By         :     Mahesh Bhatt

Releasing Date      :      2012

 Download Songs From Jannat 2

01- Judai By Falak (Jannat 2)  - [Download]

02- Mujhe Pyar (Jannat 2)  - [Download]

More Songs From Jannat 2 are Comming Soon !!!!

Any Complaint or Request Post Comment !!! Otherwise HIT Like !!!

6 Zone Alarm with Display

Description :

     This alarm system has 6 independent zones, 1 timed entry/exit zone, a 7 segment LED display and a test or walkthrough facility. Suitable for a small office or home environment, it can also be adapted to use a combination lock or keypad to set and reset the alarm.

Please Note:    All orange +V terminals connect to the point marked +5V at the side of the set switch, S1. IC's 

                                 1,U2,U3,U4,U5 and U7 are drawn without power connections for clarity. The power connections  

                                 need  to go +5V and ground.

5 Zone Alarm System

Description :

 This is a complete alarm system with 5 independent zones suitable for a small office or home environment. It uses just 3 CMOS IC's and features a timed entry / exit zone, 4 immediate zones and a panic button. There are indicators for each zone a "system armed" indicator. The schematic is as follows :

                        Click on the Image to Zoom it.

Gate Alarm

Description :

 A cheap and simple gate alarm made from a single CMOS Integrated Circuit.

Circuit NoteS

      Figure 1 represents a cheap and simple Gate Alarm, that is intended to run off a small universal AC-DC power supply.

USB Powered Mobile Phone Battery Charger

Now you can charge your Mobile Phone from the USB outlet of PC / Laptop

          This simple circuit can give regulated 4.7 volts for charging a mobile phone. USB outlet can give 5 volts DC at 100mA current which is sufficient for the slow charging of mobile phones. Most of the Mobile Phone batteries are rated 3.6 volts at 1000 to 1300 mAh. These battery packs have 3 NiMh or Lithium cells having 1.2 volt rating. Usually the battery pack requires 4.5 volts at 300-500 mA current for fast charging.

Why This Kolaveri Di

"Why This Kolaveri Di" [DOWNLOAD]

Song by Anirudh Ravichander & Dhanush from the album "3 : Music From The Motion Picture"

Released	16th November 2011
Format	Digital download
Recorded	2011 at AM Studios
Genre	Filmi
Length	4:08
Label	Sony Music
Writer	Dhanush
Producer	Anirudh Ravichander

FM Stereo Transmitter [BA1404 (100m)]

This is a small stereo FM transmitter. Output can be tuned from 88to 108Mhz and the transmitter can be battery powered or be used with the low voltage power supply on this page.

Notes :

This circuit is based on the Rhom BA1404 datasheet. The maximum voltage should not exceed 3V. The IC can be driven from a 7805 Regulator with a couple of 1N4001 diodes to reduce the supply voltage to about 2.8 Volts. The IC can dissipate 500mW (this is not RF power output but power dissipated by the IC). RF output power is typically 500mW but range depends upon antenna coupling and efficiency, environment and size of antenna. A small telescopic whip has an expected range of at least 100 meters or more.

150W MP3 Car Amplifier with Advance Fucation

        It is a diagramm of an active loudspeaker. The LF353 of, National Semiconductor, is going to split audio signal into three bands. SANYO'S LA47536 is going to amplify these signals. In stereo mode, we shall have the action of eight high speakers who are going to create a very important sound pressure.

Block Diagram : 

THEORY ::: RC-coupled Amplifiers

          One way to connect various stages of a multistage amplifier is via capacitors, as indicated in the two-stage amplifier in Fig.1 where two stages of common emitter amplifiers are coupled to each other by the capacitor C₃.

                                                   A typical configuration of an RC-coupled amplifier

Free Internet Browsing & Downloading via Airtel !!!

  
  
    Browsing internet from mobile is a common thing nowdays, But It cost is still unpayable for some peoples. Specially for Students, So Today I am here with my New trick which provide you Free Internet Surfing Through your Mobile phone.

PCB Etching at Home

     Today, I am gonna show you something etching process through which I made a PCB (RC coupled amplifier) Because of Practical in My collage. So, etching a PCB at Home is Very Simple, Just you Make out Right Composition of "Ferrous Chloride" with Water.

     I will show you How you Can make out a PCB through Some Sreen Shoot. Below is the List of Material Required for Etching Purpose.

1. A permanent marker
2. Ferrous Chloride
3. Normal water (50 degree Celsius)
4. Copper Clad Sheet
5. Cutter

How Data is stored on Hard Disk

            Hard disk is a common data storage used in computers. Data is stored on the hard disk in the form of 0 and 1. Through this article we will find out how actually data is stored on the hard disk drive.  The part of the hard disk that stores the data is known as platter. Platters are circular disk made of a non magnetic material typically aluminum alloy, glass or ceramic and are coated with a thin layer (10-20nm) of a magnetic material. Platters are further separated in to the tracks and sectors where tracks are concentric circles while sectors are pie shaped wedges on the track.

       Hard disk stores information in the form of magnetic fields. Data is stored digitally in the form of tiny magnetized regions on the platter where each region represents a bit. To write a data on the hard disk, a magnetic field is placed on the tiny field in one of these two polarities: N-S – If North Pole arrives before the south pole and S-N – if the south pole arrives before the north pole while the field is accessed.  An orientation in the one direction (like N-S) can represent the ‘1’ while the opposite orientation (S-N) represents “0”. This polarity is sensed by integrated controllers built within the hard disk.

How to Block a website on your computer

     Sometimes we do not want the users of a particular computer or network to open a particular website. For example we want our children or our friends to stop accessing a website then we needs to block that website on the computer or network. Although web browsers provide facilities to block a website but they do not work always and it is quite easy to undo the settings. So through this guide I will show you how to block websites by using computer’s host file. By settings a password for your host file, other users will not be able to unblock the websites back. Here are the steps:

 

1.      Open the ‘Command Prompt’ and type "notepad C:/Windows/System32/drivers/etc/hosts"  

      and  start instead of moving cursor just start typing, the host file will be open in Notepad.

 

PCB Manufacturing Process

   

         A PCB is used to connect electronic components electrically. This is done by making conductive path ways for circuit connections by etching tracks from copper sheet laminated onto a non-conductive substrate.

A PCB consists of a conducting layer that is made up of thin copper foil. The insulating layer di-electric is laminated together with epoxy resin prepreg. The most commonly used PCB type is the FR-4. Boards may be single sided or double sided. Double sided PCB can be used to connect electronic components on both sides through through-hole plating. This is done by copper plating the walls of each hole so as to connect the conductive layers of the PCB.

Line Follower Robot (Enhanced Version)

 

Overview

        This small line follower robot, was designed to be easily built at home without any special equipment, and using a minimum number of mechanical parts. You wont need more than 2 small motors, 2 free wheels and a piece of pcb (to hold the micro-controller, the motors driver and the line sensor) and sure.. your soldering iron!

    The main trick making this design simple and affordable, is that the robot's chassis is actually the main board of the robot, where some supports for the wheels - also made of small parts of copper boards - are soldered to it. All the motors, and the skids are mounted on the main PCB. For an electronics hobbyist, PCB manufacturing is a skill that will be learnt sooner or later, so this design lets you use your experience in PCB manufacturing to design a high precision chassis for your robot.

1. Overall Design

 

LIVE TV

Hello Friends,

As you all familiar with the Concept of Live TV either on your PC or in You Mobile Quite Popular. So Here in my Blog ElexIdea, I am posting some most popular websites and Link of some Most popular TV channels. These Websites Provides you Live TV channel on Both the Devices Mobile and Computer. All you Have to be sure that If you Want to watch Channel (Any Channel) in High Quality you must have a Fast Internet on your Corresponding Device. But In case You have not Fast Internet , Then you have another Option of Low Quality Channel (Any Channel with 2g Quality) 

So, Below I am Providing List of Website Which Provide you Live Channel For Free. This is Divided accordingly to You Device.

Five Best Online File Storage Services

     Working with the same files in multiple places used to be a hassle. You'd have to make sure to bring the file with you, email it to yourself, or save it in a place you could get to it later. Now, there are a number of online file storage and syncing services that will make your data available on as many computers as you like. Here's a look at five of the best of those services.

How to Increase Hard Disk speed in Windows

If your Hard Disk take long respond than you need to optimize the Hard Disk.There is the two methods for optimize the Hard Disk. 

      In First method we used the Software utilities Program. These software are much expensive so leave up this steps. and in the secod steps we self optimize the HDD Speed, through this step it will increase your Hard disk speed. 

       The most speed improvement is visible with IDE drives; however there are reports that this tweak also does good for SCSI disks.So followes the next steps..

 

Steps:-

1. Open Run and type “SYSEDIT.EXE“  and select OK.

2. Expand the system.ini file window.

3. Scroll down almost to the end of the file untill you find a line called [386enh].

4. Press Enter to make one blank line, and in that line type

5. “Irq14=4096” (CASE SENSITIVE)

6. Click on the File menu, then choose Save.

7. Close SYSEDIT.

8. Restart windows!

 

Check Your Typing Speed Online

Hello Friends,

This is our cool website section, here we update many cool and important website under this category, So today I’ll tell the another cool website.

     Do you know what is your typing speed and how fast you can type. If answer is no then this website for you. Sometimes good typing speed also impress someone.

The website is http://speedtest.10-fast-fingers.com/

The website have some awesome features, If you are login on facebook and twitter it can track all your past typing tests with an average WPM(word per minute) and on Home page it can also view top 10 highest ranking with average WPM. If you are a non English speaker, then you also have chosen your language from top right corner(Hindi is also available, so check how fast are you in your mother language.).

Are you surprising to see this ranking , I’m also, but don’t worry you can also reach this ranking if you do practice regularly 

Firefox 10 Aurora Features and Download Firefox 10 Aurora

Firefox 9 Aurora to Firefox 10 Aurora. Firefox Aurora is the equivalent of Chrome’s cutting-edge Dev, which means it’s definitely not for the average user. It’s effectively an alpha build of the next version of Firefox – more stable than the nightly builds produced for developers, but still a long way off the relative stability of beta versions, never mind a final release.

      Make sure your computer is backed up before installing this, but once done, you can install it and get an early glimpse into the future of the Firefox browser.

      It’s worth noting that Aurora can be installed alongside the stable release of Firefox and run separately, so you can test drive in conjunction with a final release of Firefox rather than in place of it (as is the case with Chrome). However, there will be an add-ons compatibility check each time you switch versions, so bear this in mind.

LoudSpeaker

         

       A loudspeaker (or "speaker") is a transducer that converts electrical energy into acoustical energy. When an electric signal is applied to the input pin of speaker, it generates sound waves. The other pin is connected to ground. A speaker is commonly used to produce sound in response to a sensor output. For example, in an intruder alarm, the speaker goes on whenever an intrusion takes place.

         

Piezo Buzzer

                 The piezo buzzer produces sound based on reverse of the piezoelectric effect. The generation of pressure variation or strain by the application of electric potential across a piezoelectric material is the underlying principle. These buzzers can be used alert a user of an event corresponding to a switching action, counter signal or sensor input. They are also used in alarm circuits.

   

DPDT Relay

               

               

           DPDT stands for double pole double throw relay. Relay is an electromagnetic device used to separate two circuits electrically and connect them magnetically. They are often used to interface an electronic circuit, which works at a low voltage to an electrical circuit which works at a high voltage. Relays are available in different configuration of operating voltages like 6V, 9V, 12V, 24V etc.

              

How Do Microwaves Cook?

 

Microwaves possess three basic characteristics:

• Just as sunlight shines through a window, microwaves pass right through some materials. Materials such as glass, paper, and plastic are transparent to and generally unaffected by microwaves.

• Microwaves are reflected by metal surfaces, much as a ball would bounce off a wall. The metal walls of the cooking space actually form a cavity resonator. In other words, the enclosure is designed to resonate the microwaves as they are radiated from the magnetron tube. The principle of resonance may be illustrated using sound waves. When a piano key is struck, it produces sound vibrations or sound waves. Sometimes a note is played on a piano, and an object across the room, perhaps a wineglass, can be heard vibrating and producing the same sound. This is the result of resonance. The resonating characteristics of the wineglass are the same as those of the piano string. Therefore, the wineglass is in tune, or in resonance, with the sound wave produced by the piano string. In the same way, the cooking cavity of a microwave oven is designed to be in "tune" with the resonant characteristics of the microwaves.

                               Metal racks are physically proportioned so as not to disrupt the energy pattern.

• Microwaves penetrate and are absorbed by some substances, primarily food products. As the energy penetrates the food, its power is gradually absorbed, or lost, to each successive layer of molecules. The rate of energy loss and depth of penetration vary with the depth, density, chemical properties and temperature of the food. However, on the average, the power is cut in half about every three-quarters of an inch of penetration. Therefore, since the intensity of the electromagnetic field is less at the center of the food than at the surface, the molecules closer to the center of the food do not feel the full effect of the energy.
  
  

Different Types Of Digital Cameras

I have already written posts on the working of film cameras, digital cameras and also on the image sensors. To know more about them click on the links below. 

TAKE A LOOK : WORKING OF FILM CAMERAS

TAKE A LOOK : WORKING OF DIGITAL CAMERAS

 

Digital cameras are mainly classified according to their use, automatic and manual focus, and also price. Here are the classifications.

1. Compact digital cameras

Compact cameras are the most widely used and the simplest cameras to be ever seen. They are used for ordinary purposes and are thus called “point and shoot cameras”. They are very small in size and are hence portable. Since they are cheaper than the other cameras, they also contain fewer features, thus lessening the picture quality. These cameras are further classified according to their size. The smaller cameras are generally called as ultra-compact cameras. The others are called compact cameras.

Here are some features of this camera

• Compact and simple.
• Images can be stored in computer as JPEG files.
• Live preview can be seen before taking photos.
• Low power flashes are available for taking photos in the dark.
• Contains auto-focus system with closer focusing ability.
• Zoom capability.

Although these features are available, their magnitude may be less compared to other cameras. The flashes may be available only for nearby objects. The preview of the picture to be taken will have less motion capability.  The image sensors used in these cameras have a very small diognal space of about 6mm with a crop factor of 6.

 

 

Charge Coupled Devices (CCD)

Charge Coupled Device (CCD) – Definition

CCD was developed in the year 1969 by Willard Boyle and George E. Smith at AT & T Bell Labs. It is a shift register device which can be used for the movement of electrical charge within the device. This movement can be from one area of the device to another and the digital value of the moved charge can be easily found out. When the signals are moved, one at a time from one place to another within the device, the value of the charge can be easily manipulated. There are capacitive bins in the device that allow the movement of charge.

        During the invention of CCD there was no means to produce the charge than injecting it. But through repeated experiments, it was later found out that when a sensor like a photoelectric device was connected to it, a charge could be easily produced. This charge could then be given to the CCD for its transfer in the device. This discovery was huge enough as it became the stepping stone to the conversion of ordinary signals into digital signals. The device that is used to capture the images with ordinary cameras and replacing them as a digital storage is called a CCD imager.

      To know the difference in working between Charge Coupled Devices (CCD) and a  CMOS Active Pixel Sensor (APS), click on the link below.

TAKE A LOOK : CHARGE COUPLED DEVICES (CCD) vs CMOS ACTIVE PIXEL SENSOR 

TAKE A LOOK : CMOS ACTIVE PIXEL SENSOR (APS)

CMOS Active Pixel Sensor (CMOS APS)

       Active Pixel Sensor (APS) is an image sensor, made up of an array of pixel sensors. In these pixel sensors, each pixel sensor consists of a photo detector and an amplifier. Out of these APS, the most notable is the CMOS Active Pixel Sensor (CMOS APS). CMOS APS has great applications in cameras and also DSLRs. It is called so as it is manufactured by the CMOS process. This type of image sensor is very similar to that of a Charge Coupled Device (CCD). They are also called active pixel sensor imager and also active pixel image sensor.

      The CMOS APS uses a photo detector to detect the light and converts it into electrical signal. This signal is then amplified using several transistors and is then moved using traditional wires.

Introduction of CMOS Active Pixel Sensors

     The wide use of CMOS Active Pixel Sensors began during the year 1993. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory developed some prototypes which were later commercialized. After knowing its immense potential in the field high speed, low power motion capture cameras many companies quickly adopted and developed this technology.

Charge Coupled Devices (CCD) vs CMOS Active Pixel Sensor (APS)

      

        It is time to know their comparison, advantages and disadvantages. Though both of them are equally used in cameras, there are some differences in parameters like gain, speed and so on.

Comparison –  Charge Coupled Device and CMOS Active Pixel Sensor

• Both the devices are used to convert light into electric signals and are used for the same applications.  After converting the signals, they have to be read from each cell. This process is different for both the devices.

• The charge from each chip is taken to the end of the array and then read in a CCD. This is then converted into a digital signal with the help of an analog to digital converter (ADC). The process of reading the signal by CMOS Active Pixel Sensor is done by using transistors and amplifiers at each pixel and then the signal is moved using traditional wires.

Working of Digital Cameras

       I have already described about the working of a camera. Almost all the basics of this post have been explained there. Now let us know more about a digital camera, its working, and also advantages.

                  

       The digital camera can be considered as an alteration of the conventional analog camera. Most of the associated components are also the same, except that instead of light falling on a photosensitive film like an analog camera, image sensors are used in digital cameras. Though analog cameras are mostly dependent on mechanical and chemical processes, digital cameras are dependent on digital processes. This is a major shift from its predecessor as the concept of saving and sharing audio as well as video contents have been simplified to earth.

Working of a Analog camera

The work of a camera – photography is considered to be one of the greatest inventions of mankind. It has not only helped us see the entire world through a click, but has also transformed how people conceive the world. They can also be kept as a remembrance for the rest of our life.
Camera can be defined as a device that is used to capture and record photos or videos.


Early Use of Camera
Nowadays we see a lot of advanced cameras that are used to capture motion as well as images from a very far distance. During the time of its invention images could be taken only in a room and could not be portable. The instrument should be kept in a dark chamber or box and the room should function as a real-time imaging system. Thus the camera was earlier called “camera-obscure” which meant “dark chamber”. The first of this kind was invented by a scientist called Johannes Kepler. But this apparatus was very huge and could be portable only as a tent. For this instrument to work the light was passed onto it through a convex lens. Thus an image consisting of external objects would be formed which was subjected to the surface of a paper or glass, placed at the focus of the lens. A much compact and portable camera was introduced in 1685 by Johann Zahn.
       After years of work by many prominent people the first colour photo was invented by the famous physicist James Clark Maxwell along with Thomas Sutton. Then came the invention of the video made in cameras during the early 1920s. This technology has eventually grown to such heights that in this 21st century, these ordinary film cameras have been replaced by digital cameras.

Mobile incoming call indicator

Description.
This circuit can be used to escape from the nuisance of mobile phone rings when you are at home. This circuit will give a visual indication if placed near a mobile phone even if the ringer is deactivated.

              When a call is coming to the mobile phone, the transmitter inside it becomes activated. The  frequency of the transmitter is around 900MHz.The  coil L1 picks up these oscillations by induction and feds it to the base of Q1. This makes the transistor Q1 activated.Since the Collector of Q1 is connected to the pin 2 of IC1 (NE555) , the IC1 is triggered to make the LED connected at  its output pin (pin 3) to blink. The blinking of the LED is the indication of incoming call.

10 Things Not to do on a First Date

As an old saying goes, "first impression is the last impression".
One has to subscribe to this saying when going on a first date. Here are 10 things you should absolutely avoid doing on a first date.
 

1. Be a braggadocio

A braggadocio is a person who boasts about his own deeds irrespective of the response from the other person. Such kinds of empty pretentious bragging can be an anti-climax. So, avoid boasting about yourself in a bid to leave a pleasant impression on your date.

Nokia s60v5 Themes Pack

Hello Guys, This time I am Posting Latest Theme Collection. Themes Have Top Rated on Maximum Website Like Mobile9 or Nokia Themes etc. But I have collected all of these on One place here on My Blog.
The Collection of themes is Basically Created by Primavera. All of the Theme is Rock Below is the List of theme :


Ancient Art STC



Witch in Colour                             Tower
                          


Star Sea

Top 5 Services for Video Chat

If you want to connect you relatives and customers over a long distance with a phone device may be costly for you and search for the online and cheaper services for video chat.

There are many services available online but here I will share top 5 services for video chat.  

1. Google Video Chat:-  

We are very familiar with this free chat services. This service is provided by Google on Gmail. At this time it is the very popular video chat services. To start this service you will need one google account and one video chat plugin (Download it here:- http://mail.google.com/videochat)

Activate kaspersky 2012 Key

Kaspersky Internet Security 2012 delivers premium protection from viruses, Trojans, spam, hackers, and more. Its cutting-edge, hybrid approach to digital security combines innovative, cloud-based technologies with advanced antivirus protection to deliver a faster, more effective response to today complex, ever-evolving threats. You, your private data and PC are completely protected as you work, bank, shop and play online.

Follow these Steps for activate kaspersky 2012:-

1. Download and Install Kaspersky 2012 (Download Kaspersky Key From Here) 

2. Turn off/Unplug/Disconnect your internet connection
3. Click "Manage License" From Right Bottom of Kaspersky, Then click "Activate the application"

[GUIDE] Flashing your phone with a Custom Firmware

  Everyone Wants a Customized Phone and So many wants to have their phones loaded with many features which Nokia isn't able to provide and so we Mod the firmwares for you all to provide you a firmware with all the useful and loaded features but it isn't possible for each of you to flash your phone easily as it is a risky task and needs some guidance so here is a guide for all of the users .

Things Which we need During the Process :-

• Download the Navifirm from HERE
• Download The JAF tool along with Pkey From HERE 

Twilight Breaking Dawn News

 
     Scriptwriter, Melissa Rosenberg, who worked on the first three movies, is working on the screenplay of Twilight Breaking Dawn with the help of Stephenie Meyer. Summit Entertainment is indeed decided to bring the last opus of the Twilight saga into our theaters.
But it's not clear yet if Twilight Breaking Dawn will be one long movie or split into two movies. But it's not hard to guess what will happen: the latter solution is the most likely, not only fans would be glad to see the life of the Twilight series extended, but also this would be the most profitable option for Summit Entertainment! So we can almost take for granted that the final Twilight book will be divided into two films that will shot back-to-back.
 
 
 




Those photos of Twilight Breaking Dawn were taken on the Brazilian set in Rio.